संस्कृत सुभाषित - भाग १६

२६) राजनीति

अपराद्धांस्तु सुस्निग्धान् स्नेहोक्त्या मानदानत:।
साधयेद् भेददण्डाभ्यां यथायोगेन चापरान्॥

Offended friends should be reconciled by honouring and gifts and kind words; others should be won over by the proper employment of the policy of alienation or bribery or gift.

२७) राजनीति

अपरीक्षितपरवञ्चनम् अञ्चति लोभादपेक्षितप्रेक्षी।
व्याधूतपक्षमवशो विहन्यते पक्षिवत् क्षितिप:॥

A king who advances towards the enemy without carefully examining others’ deception expecting to see what he wants, out of greed, is killed helplessly, deserted by his allies, like a bird with its wings cut and helpless.

२८) सज्जना

अपां निधिं वारिभिरर्चयन्ति दोषेन सूर्यं प्रतिबोधयन्ति।
ताभ्यां तयो: किं परिपूर्णता स्याद् भक्त्या हि तुष्यन्ति महानुभावा:॥

People worship the lord of waters (ocean) by offering (consecrated) water to him and wave lights before the sun (to illumine him). Do these two things enhance their fullness? Great people are indeed pleased by devotion.

२९) विद्वान्

अपां प्रवाहो गाङ्गोपि समुद्रं प्राप्य तद्रस:।
भवत्यवश्यं तद्विद्वान्नाश्रयेदशुभात्मकम्॥

A stream of tasteful water, having flown into the sea, becomes saline and thus undrinkable. For this simple reason, a wise man should never associate with one of wicked and impure soul.

३०) सज्जन

अपि पौरुषमादेयं शास्त्रं चेद्युक्तिबोधकम्।
अन्यत्त्वार्षमपि त्याज्यं भाव्यं न्याय्यैकसेविना॥

One who ever stands for reason must accept a science, though man made, if it stands to reason; and he must reject the other (the unreasonable) though it may be propounded by the sages (of yore).

३१) मूढ

अपि मानुष्यकं लब्ध्वा भवन्ति ज्ञानिनो न ये।
पशुतैव वरा तेषां प्रत्यवायाप्रवर्तनात्॥

If, even after having acquired human birth those who do not become truly wise, it is far better that they are born as beasts; for then they will do no mischief to others.

३२) बुधजन

अपि संपूर्णतायुक्तै: कर्तव्या: सुहृदो बुधै:।
नदीश: परिपूर्णोऽपि चन्द्रोदयमपेक्षते॥

Wise men should get friends, even if they live in abundance, the lord of rivers [the ocean], although filled, impatiently waits for the rise of the moon.

३३) बुधजन

अपि स्थाणुवदासीत शुष्यन् परिगत: क्षुधा।
न त्वेवानात्मसंपन्नाद् वृत्तिमीहेत पण्डित:॥

A wise man should rather remain inactive like a branchless truck, and wither away with oppressive hunger, then seek a means of maintenance from the worthless.

३४) शून्यता

अपुत्रस्य गृहं शून्यं दिश: शून्यास्त्वबान्धवा:।
मूर्खस्य हृदयं शून्यं सर्वशून्या दरिद्रता॥

Empty is a house for a childless person; empty is the country for a person lacking relations; empty is the heart of a fool; (but) poverty is complete emptiness.

३५) मूढ

अपृष्ट्वैव भवेन्मूढ ज्ञानं मनसि चिन्तनात्।
अपूर्ण: कुरुते शब्दं न पूर्ण: कुरुते घट:॥

One becomes a fool by not questioning, but wisdom comes up by deep thinking. A vessel, not full, makes noise, but not so a full one.

३६) मूढ

अप्रदाता समृद्धोऽसौ दरिद्रश्च महामना:।
अश्रुतश्च समुन्नद्धस्तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम्॥

Foolish us he, who though prosperous does not help others; who though poor is generous; and who though ignorant is proud and swollen.

३७) राजसेवा

अप्रधान: प्रधान: स्यात् पार्थिवं यदि सेवते।
प्रधानोऽप्यप्रधान: स्याद् यदि सेवाविवर्जित:॥

An unimportant person becomes important, as soon as he is employed by a prince (and) an important person becomes unimportant as soon as he is unemployed.

३८) उत्तमराजा

अप्रमत्तश्च यो राजा सर्वज्ञो विजितेन्द्रिय:।
कृतज्ञो धर्मशीलश्च स राजा तिष्ठते चिरम्॥

This king who is vigilant, who is well versed in knowledge, who controls his senses who is grateful and who is virtuous, will reign over the kingdom for a long time.

३९) प्राज्ञ

अप्रियं पुरुषं चापि परद्रोहं परस्त्रियम्।
अधर्ममनृतं चैव दूरात् प्राज्ञो विवर्जयेत्॥

A wise man should keep far away from an unpleasant person, from injuring others, from other’s views, from unrighteous conduct and from untruth.

४०) सज्जना

अप्रियवचनाङ्गारैर्दग्धोऽपि न विप्रियं वदत्यार्य:।
किं दह्यमानमगरु स्वभावसुरभिं परित्यजति॥

A man of culture does not speak unpleasantly though burnt by the burning coals of displeasing talk. Does the fragrant aloe wood abandon its natural fragrance when being burnt?

४१) खलप्रीति

अभ्रच्छाया खलप्रीति: समुद्रान्ते च मेेदिनी।
अल्पेनैव विनश्यन्ति यौवनानि धनानि च॥

Shadow of clouds, friendship with a wicked person, ground near the ocean indeed disappear shortly, similarly as youth and wealth.

४२) सज्जना

कुपितोऽपि गुणायैव गुणवान् भवति ध्रुवम्।
स्वभावमधुरं क्षीरं क्वथितं हि रसोत्तरम्॥

A man possessing good qualities surely serves only a good cause even when he gets angry; milk which is sweet by nature becomes all the more tasty when it is boiled.

४३) वेदविदां मतम्

कृतस्य करणं नास्ति मृतस्य मरणं तथा।
गतस्य शोचना नास्ति ह्येतद् वेदविदां मतम्॥

What has been done cannot be done again; what is dead cannot (come to life and) die again; what is lost cannot be repented for; such is the view of those learned in the Vedas.

४४) अक्षमा

अतृणे पतितो वह्नि: स्वयमेवोपशाम्यति।
अक्षमावान् परं दोषैरात्मानं चैव योजयेत्॥

Fire fallen on a grassless plot is extinguished by itself. A man without patience brings unto himself many troubles.

४५) विजयम्

अनित्यमिति जानन्तो न भवन्ति भवन्ति च।
अथ येनैव कुर्वन्ति नैव जातु भवन्ति ते॥

Knowing that success is uncertain, people still act so that they sometimes succeed, and sometimes do not. They however, who abstain from action never obtain success.

४६) पुराणम् - नवीनम्

पुराणमित्येव न साधु सर्वं न चापि काव्यं नवमित्यवद्यम्।
सन्त: परीक्ष्यान्यतरद्भजन्ते मूढ: परप्रत्ययनेयबुद्धि:॥

Everything is not good simply because it is old; nor a poem should be condemned simply because it is new; the wise resort to the one or the other after (proper) examination; (only) a fool has his mind led by the judgement of another.

४७) विज्ञातारा

गुणानां वा विशालानां सत्काराणां च नित्यश:।
कर्तार: सुलभा लोके विज्ञातारस्तु दुर्लभा:॥

The conferrers of mighty benefits and of high honours are always easily found in this world, but their appreciators are rare.

४८) सुखम्

सुखं हि दु:खान्यनुभूय शोभते घनान्धकारेष्विव दीपदर्शनम्।
सुखात्तु यो याति नरो दरिद्रतां धृत: शरीरेण मृत: स जीवति॥

Happiness indeed shines up, after having experienced miseries, like the sight of a lamp amidst (masses of) thick darkness. But a person who goes from luxury to penury, lives on (really) dead, (only) keeping up (his) body.

४९) विपुलता

जले तैलं खले गुह्यां पात्रे दानं मनागपि।
प्राज्ञे शास्त्रं स्वयं याति विस्तार वस्तुशक्तित:॥

Oil in water, a secret confined to the treacherous, donation to the deserving even in a small measure; and knowledge in a wise person, expand by themselves because of inherent nature.

५०) राजकोप

अप्येव दहनं स्पृष्ट्वा वने तिष्ठन्ति पादपा:।
राजदोषपरामृष्टास्तिष्ठन्ते नापराधिन:॥

Trees in the forest may survive after being touched by the forest conflagration; but those guilty of offence against the king remain not (alive).